National, state and territory population

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Statistics about the population and components of change (births, deaths, migration) for Australia and its states and territories

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Reference period

June 2023

Released

14/12/2023

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Key statistics

Statistics in this release are commonly known as Estimated Resident Population (ERP).

Australia’s population was 26,638,544 people at 30 June 2023.
The quarterly growth was 146,800 people (0.6%).
The annual growth was 624,100 people (2.4%).
Annual natural increase was 106,100 and net overseas migration was 518,100.

National

Annual population change

In the year ending 30 June 2023, Australia's population grew by 624,100 people (2.4%).

Annual population growth rate(a)(b)

Annual population growth rate(a)(b)
	Annual population change (%)
Jun-03	1.16
Sep-03	1.15
Dec-03	1.13
Mar-04	1.11
Jun-04	1.07
Sep-04	1.09
Dec-04	1.10
Mar-05	1.17
Jun-05	1.22
Sep-05	1.28
Dec-05	1.32
Mar-06	1.35
Jun-06	1.36
Sep-06	1.47
Dec-06	1.56
Mar-07	1.69
Jun-07	1.84
Sep-07	1.86
Dec-07	1.88
Mar-08	1.96
Jun-08	2.02
Sep-08	2.11
Dec-08	2.19
Mar-09	2.14
Jun-09	2.08
Sep-09	1.98
Dec-09	1.82
Mar-10	1.68
Jun-10	1.57
Sep-10	1.45
Dec-10	1.40
Mar-11	1.39
Jun-11	1.40
Sep-11	1.49
Dec-11	1.58
Mar-12	1.67
Jun-12	1.76
Sep-12	1.79
Dec-12	1.80
Mar-13	1.78
Jun-13	1.74
Sep-13	1.69
Dec-13	1.61
Mar-14	1.58
Jun-14	1.50
Sep-14	1.48
Dec-14	1.47
Mar-15	1.45
Jun-15	1.45
Sep-15	1.45
Dec-15	1.46
Mar-16	1.51
Jun-16	1.57
Sep-16	1.65
Dec-16	1.67
Mar-17	1.69
Jun-17	1.66
Sep-17	1.62
Dec-17	1.53
Mar-18	1.51
Jun-18	1.51
Sep-18	1.53
Dec-18	1.56
Mar-19	1.54
Jun-19	1.49
Sep-19	1.48
Dec-19	1.49
Mar-20	1.44
Jun-20	1.24
Sep-20	0.77
Dec-20	0.43
Mar-21	0.10
Jun-21	0.14
Sep-21	0.28
Dec-21	0.55
Mar-22	1.00
Jun-22	1.28
Sep-22	1.78
Dec-22	2.07
Mar-23	2.25
Jun-23	2.40

Annual population growth rate(a)(b)

["","Annual population change"]

[["Jun-03","Sep-03","Dec-03","Mar-04","Jun-04","Sep-04","Dec-04","Mar-05","Jun-05","Sep-05","Dec-05","Mar-06","Jun-06","Sep-06","Dec-06","Mar-07","Jun-07","Sep-07","Dec-07","Mar-08","Jun-08","Sep-08","Dec-08","Mar-09","Jun-09","Sep-09","Dec-09","Mar-10","Jun-10","Sep-10","Dec-10","Mar-11","Jun-11","Sep-11","Dec-11","Mar-12","Jun-12","Sep-12","Dec-12","Mar-13","Jun-13","Sep-13","Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22","Mar-23","Jun-23"],[[1.1599999999999999],[1.1499999999999999],[1.1299999999999999],[1.1100000000000001],[1.0700000000000001],[1.0900000000000001],[1.1000000000000001],[1.1699999999999999],[1.22],[1.28],[1.3200000000000001],[1.3500000000000001],[1.3600000000000001],[1.47],[1.5600000000000001],[1.6899999999999999],[1.8400000000000001],[1.8600000000000001],[1.8799999999999999],[1.96],[2.02],[2.1099999999999999],[2.1899999999999999],[2.1400000000000001],[2.0800000000000001],[1.98],[1.8200000000000001],[1.6799999999999999],[1.5700000000000001],[1.45],[1.3999999999999999],[1.3899999999999999],[1.3999999999999999],[1.49],[1.5800000000000001],[1.6699999999999999],[1.76],[1.79],[1.8],[1.78],[1.74],[1.6899999999999999],[1.6100000000000001],[1.5800000000000001],[1.5],[1.48],[1.47],[1.45],[1.45],[1.45],[1.46],[1.51],[1.5700000000000001],[1.6499999999999999],[1.6699999999999999],[1.6899999999999999],[1.6599999999999999],[1.6200000000000001],[1.53],[1.51],[1.51],[1.53],[1.5600000000000001],[1.54],[1.49],[1.48],[1.49],[1.4399999999999999],[1.24],[0.77000000000000002],[0.42999999999999999],[0.10000000000000001],[0.14000000000000001],[0.28000000000000003],[0.55000000000000004],[1],[1.28],[1.78],[2.0699999999999998],[2.25],[2.3999999999999999]]]

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Annual growth calculated at the end of each quarter.
All data after 30 June 2021 is subject to revision.

Australia's population growth is comprised of natural increase (births minus deaths) and net overseas migration (migration arrivals minus migration departures).

Components of quarterly population change

In the June 2023 quarter, natural increase:

was 25,000 people
decreased by 4,500 people since the previous quarter

In the June 2023 quarter, net overseas migration:

was 121,800 people
decreased by 35,900 people since the previous quarter

Components of quarterly population change

Components of quarterly population change
	Total growth	Natural increase	Net overseas migration
Jun-19	69,894	34,550	38,228
Sep-19	103,247	31,996	74,525
Dec-19	82,395	34,335	51,313
Mar-20	107,456	35,563	75,179
Jun-20	21,324	32,925	-8,314
Sep-20	-15,907	31,234	-42,551
Dec-20	-2,643	31,204	-29,271
Mar-21	22,307	41,105	-14,190
Jun-21	32,407	35,936	1,082
Sep-21	18,598	32,361	-13,763
Dec-21	67,347	33,610	33,737
Mar-22	138,493	31,658	106,835
Jun-22	104,549	27,768	76,781
Sep-22	146,598	22,468	124,130
Dec-22	143,659	29,174	114,485
Mar-23	187,118	29,434	157,684
Jun-23	146,770	24,982	121,788

Components of quarterly population change

["","Total growth","Natural increase","Net overseas migration"]

[["Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22","Mar-23","Jun-23"],[[69894],[103247],[82395],[107456],[21324],[-15907],[-2643],[22307],[32407],[18598],[67347],[138493],[104549],[146598],[143659],[187118],[146770]],[[34550],[31996],[34335],[35563],[32925],[31234],[31204],[41105],[35936],[32361],[33610],[31658],[27768],[22468],[29174],[29434],[24982]],[[38228],[74525],[51313],[75179],[-8314],[-42551],[-29271],[-14190],[1082],[-13763],[33737],[106835],[76781],[124130],[114485],[157684],[121788]]]

[]

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Components of annual population change

In the year ending 30 June 2023, natural increase:

was 106,100 people
decreased by 19,300 people (15.4%) since the previous year

In the year ending 30 June 2023, net overseas migration:

was 518,100 people
increased by 314,500 people since the previous year

Components of annual population change(a)

Components of annual population change(a)
	Total growth	Natural increase	Net overseas migration
Jun-03	225,527	116,899	116,498
Sep-03	224,558	118,327	113,833
Dec-03	221,714	118,944	110,104
Mar-04	217,477	120,541	104,002
Jun-04	211,985	118,817	99,966
Sep-04	216,248	119,865	103,135
Dec-04	218,848	119,133	106,425
Mar-05	232,448	121,098	118,020
Jun-05	244,122	126,994	123,763
Sep-05	255,050	130,362	130,819
Dec-05	265,540	134,156	137,009
Mar-06	271,579	133,543	143,153
Jun-06	274,122	131,973	146,753
Sep-06	297,555	136,595	166,253
Dec-06	316,004	139,793	182,196
Mar-07	344,685	146,327	205,033
Jun-07	376,656	151,225	232,796
Sep-07	381,878	151,295	238,660
Dec-07	388,574	153,327	244,030
Mar-08	406,111	154,155	261,444
Jun-08	421,577	154,432	277,338
Sep-08	441,889	154,320	298,648
Dec-08	459,504	155,794	315,687
Mar-09	452,748	154,693	310,921
Jun-09	442,454	156,343	299,866
Sep-09	422,039	158,728	278,259
Dec-09	389,998	159,237	246,900
Mar-10	362,421	161,691	218,063
Jun-10	340,097	162,566	196,058
Sep-10	316,314	161,846	175,318
Dec-10	306,846	157,978	172,038
Mar-11	304,661	157,003	173,149
Jun-11	308,274	155,714	180,372
Sep-11	328,369	154,518	194,040
Dec-11	349,728	156,050	206,240
Mar-12	372,185	157,854	219,276
Jun-12	393,441	158,822	231,947
Sep-12	401,151	158,708	239,848
Dec-12	405,826	163,064	240,248
Mar-13	402,061	162,153	237,462
Jun-13	394,664	161,958	230,329
Sep-13	386,309	162,611	221,214
Dec-13	369,754	158,791	208,379
Mar-14	363,189	158,305	202,191
Jun-14	347,557	156,976	187,778
Sep-14	342,670	155,718	183,735
Dec-14	342,554	156,565	182,345
Mar-15	339,436	154,285	181,080
Jun-15	340,309	151,779	184,033
Sep-15	341,370	150,622	184,227
Dec-15	344,250	148,985	186,730
Mar-16	357,796	151,267	195,976
Jun-16	374,912	154,351	206,233
Sep-16	393,259	154,883	229,509
Dec-16	400,483	153,212	243,829
Mar-17	407,984	150,436	259,585
Jun-17	401,681	147,602	263,351
Sep-17	392,541	142,603	259,426
Dec-17	373,954	142,005	241,661
Mar-18	370,342	142,279	237,997
Jun-18	370,670	142,604	238,224
Sep-18	377,328	145,498	242,320
Dec-18	387,122	145,721	252,220
Mar-19	383,181	143,667	250,669
Jun-19	371,568	141,719	241,338
Sep-19	370,674	140,531	242,035
Dec-19	374,328	139,003	247,620
Mar-20	362,992	136,444	239,245
Jun-20	314,422	134,819	192,703
Sep-20	195,268	134,057	75,627
Dec-20	110,230	130,926	-4,957
Mar-21	25,081	136,468	-94,326
Jun-21	36,164	139,479	-84,930
Sep-21	70,669	140,606	-56,142
Dec-21	140,659	143,012	6,866
Mar-22	256,845	133,565	127,891
Jun-22	328,987	125,397	203,590
Sep-22	456,987	115,504	341,483
Dec-22	533,299	111,068	422,231
Mar-23	581,924	108,844	473,080
Jun-23	624,145	106,058	518,087

Components of annual population change(a)

["","Total growth","Natural increase","Net overseas migration"]

[["Jun-03","Sep-03","Dec-03","Mar-04","Jun-04","Sep-04","Dec-04","Mar-05","Jun-05","Sep-05","Dec-05","Mar-06","Jun-06","Sep-06","Dec-06","Mar-07","Jun-07","Sep-07","Dec-07","Mar-08","Jun-08","Sep-08","Dec-08","Mar-09","Jun-09","Sep-09","Dec-09","Mar-10","Jun-10","Sep-10","Dec-10","Mar-11","Jun-11","Sep-11","Dec-11","Mar-12","Jun-12","Sep-12","Dec-12","Mar-13","Jun-13","Sep-13","Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22","Mar-23","Jun-23"],[[225527],[224558],[221714],[217477],[211985],[216248],[218848],[232448],[244122],[255050],[265540],[271579],[274122],[297555],[316004],[344685],[376656],[381878],[388574],[406111],[421577],[441889],[459504],[452748],[442454],[422039],[389998],[362421],[340097],[316314],[306846],[304661],[308274],[328369],[349728],[372185],[393441],[401151],[405826],[402061],[394664],[386309],[369754],[363189],[347557],[342670],[342554],[339436],[340309],[341370],[344250],[357796],[374912],[393259],[400483],[407984],[401681],[392541],[373954],[370342],[370670],[377328],[387122],[383181],[371568],[370674],[374328],[362992],[314422],[195268],[110230],[25081],[36164],[70669],[140659],[256845],[328987],[456987],[533299],[581924],[624145]],[[116899],[118327],[118944],[120541],[118817],[119865],[119133],[121098],[126994],[130362],[134156],[133543],[131973],[136595],[139793],[146327],[151225],[151295],[153327],[154155],[154432],[154320],[155794],[154693],[156343],[158728],[159237],[161691],[162566],[161846],[157978],[157003],[155714],[154518],[156050],[157854],[158822],[158708],[163064],[162153],[161958],[162611],[158791],[158305],[156976],[155718],[156565],[154285],[151779],[150622],[148985],[151267],[154351],[154883],[153212],[150436],[147602],[142603],[142005],[142279],[142604],[145498],[145721],[143667],[141719],[140531],[139003],[136444],[134819],[134057],[130926],[136468],[139479],[140606],[143012],[133565],[125397],[115504],[111068],[108844],[106058]],[[116498],[113833],[110104],[104002],[99966],[103135],[106425],[118020],[123763],[130819],[137009],[143153],[146753],[166253],[182196],[205033],[232796],[238660],[244030],[261444],[277338],[298648],[315687],[310921],[299866],[278259],[246900],[218063],[196058],[175318],[172038],[173149],[180372],[194040],[206240],[219276],[231947],[239848],[240248],[237462],[230329],[221214],[208379],[202191],[187778],[183735],[182345],[181080],[184033],[184227],[186730],[195976],[206233],[229509],[243829],[259585],[263351],[259426],[241661],[237997],[238224],[242320],[252220],[250669],[241338],[242035],[247620],[239245],[192703],[75627],[-4957],[-94326],[-84930],[-56142],[6866],[127891],[203590],[341483],[422231],[473080],[518087]]]

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Annual components calculated at the end of each quarter.

Births and deaths

Overseas migration arrivals and departures

States and territories

Annual population change

All states and territories had positive population growth over the year ending 30 June 2023.
Western Australia had the fastest growth rate (3.1%).
Tasmania had the slowest rate (0.3%).


	Population at 30 June 2023 ('000)	Change over previous year ('000)	Change over previous year (%)
New South Wales	8339.3	172.6	2.1
Victoria	6812.5	181.8	2.7
Queensland	5459.4	138.5	2.6
South Australia	1851.7	30.5	1.7
Western Australia	2878.6	86.8	3.1
Tasmania	572.8	1.7	0.3
Northern Territory	252.5	2.2	0.9
Australian Capital Territory	466.8	9.9	2.2
Australia (a)	26638.5	624.1	2.4

a. Includes Other Territories comprising Jervis Bay Territory, Christmas Island, the Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Norfolk Island.

State and territory population change is comprised of natural increase, net overseas migration, and net interstate migration (interstate arrivals minus interstate departures).

Components of annual population change

For the year ending 30 June 2023:

net overseas migration was the major contributor to change in all states.

Components of annual population growth

Components of annual population growth
	Natural increase	Net interstate migration	Net overseas migration
NSW	32,599	-34,158	174,202
Vic.	29,453	-1,863	154,256
Qld	22,222	32,255	83,995
SA	3,043	-409	27,855
WA	13,548	11,630	61,591
Tas.	294	-2,597	4,032
NT	2,177	-3,267	3,335
ACT	2,701	-1,591	8,788

Components of annual population growth

["","Natural increase","Net interstate migration","Net overseas migration"]

[["NSW","Vic.","Qld","SA","WA","Tas.","NT","ACT"],[[32599],[29453],[22222],[3043],[13548],[294],[2177],[2701]],[[-34158],[-1863],[32255],[-409],[11630],[-2597],[-3267],[-1591]],[[174202],[154256],[83995],[27855],[61591],[4032],[3335],[8788]]]

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Natural increase by state and territory - annual

	NSW	Vic.	Qld	SA	WA	Tas.	NT	ACT
Births	94,680	76,332	60,505	18,920	31,209	5497	3,496	5,267
Deaths	62,081	46,879	38,283	15,877	17,661	5,203	1,319	2,566
Natural increase	32,599	29,453	22,222	3,043	13,548	294	2,177	2,701

Net overseas migration by state and territory - annual

	NSW	Vic.	Qld	SA	WA	Tas.	NT	ACT
Overseas arrivals	251,563	211,953	124,637	37,356	83,889	7,059	6,780	13,853
Overseas departures	77,361	57,697	40,642	9,501	22,298	3,027	3,445	5,065
Net overseas migration	174,202	154,256	83,995	27,855	61,591	4,032	3,335	8,788

Net interstate migration by state and territory - annual

	NSW	Vic.	Qld	SA	WA	Tas.	NT	ACT
Interstate arrivals	82,008	74,188	107,935	24,682	36,777	12,625	14,118	19,720
Interstate departures	116,166	76,051	75,680	25,091	25,147	15,222	17,385	21,311
Net interstate migration	-34,158	-1,863	32,255	-409	11,630	-2,597	-3,267	-1,591

Quarterly internal migration, capital city - rest of state

Notes

COVID-19

Statistics in this release are impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. With border restrictions in place NOM fell to low levels including negative net migration. The removal of most border restrictions from February 2022 enabled overseas travel again and saw a recovery in NOM levels from 2022 onwards.

To ensure the ongoing production of fit-for-purpose official population estimates through the COVID-19 pandemic, the ABS has been assessing the likely impact of changed traveller behaviour on preliminary overseas migration estimates, a component of ERP. The ABS has introduced more frequent revisions to overseas migration to ensure the suite of demographic statistics continue to be of high quality and reflect the most timely data available. Preliminary overseas migration estimates will be revised every quarter over four quarters, instead of once after four quarters, until it becomes final. These more frequent revisions will ensure the most timely and accurate data flows through to ERP.

For further information see the Improvements to estimation of net overseas migration.

Data downloads - time series spreadsheets

I-note

Population and components of change - national

Quarterly population and components of change, national, from June 1981 onwards

Data files

Download xlsx [68.33 KB]

Components of population change - states and territories

Quarterly components of change, by state and territory, from June 1981 onwards

Data files

Download xlsx [89.44 KB]

Population - states and territories

Quarterly population by sex, by state and territory, from June 1981 onwards

Data files

Download xlsx [86.59 KB]

Interstate migration arrivals

Quarterly interstate migration arrivals, from June 1981 onwards

Data files

Download xlsx [58.85 KB]

Interstate migration departures

Quarterly interstate migration departures, from June 1981 onwards

Data files

Download xlsx [58.84 KB]

Data downloads - data cubes